中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)政治(zhi)局(ju)(ju)1月24日下午就努力實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)碳達峰(feng)(feng)碳中(zhong)(zhong)和(he)目(mu)標進行第三十六次集體學(xue)習。中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)總書(shu)記習近(jin)平在(zai)(zai)主持學(xue)習時強調,實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)碳達峰(feng)(feng)碳中(zhong)(zhong)和(he),是貫徹新(xin)發展理念、構建新(xin)發展格局(ju)(ju)、推動(dong)高質量發展的內在(zai)(zai)要求,是黨中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)統籌國(guo)內國(guo)際兩個大局(ju)(ju)作(zuo)(zuo)出的重大戰略決策(ce)。我們必(bi)須深入分析推進碳達峰(feng)(feng)碳中(zhong)(zhong)和(he)工作(zuo)(zuo)面臨(lin)的形勢和(he)任務(wu),充分認識(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)“雙碳”目(mu)標的緊迫性和(he)艱(jian)巨性,研(yan)究(jiu)需要做好的重點工作(zuo)(zuo),統一(yi)思想(xiang)和(he)認識(shi),扎扎實(shi)(shi)(shi)實(shi)(shi)(shi)把黨中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)決策(ce)部署落到(dao)實(shi)(shi)(shi)處。
習近平就(jiu)推進“雙碳”工作指出(chu),要加大(da)力度規劃建設以(yi)大(da)型風(feng)光電(dian)基(ji)地(di)為基(ji)礎、以(yi)其周(zhou)邊清潔高(gao)效(xiao)先進節能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)煤(mei)電(dian)為支撐、以(yi)穩定(ding)安(an)全可(ke)靠(kao)的(de)特高(gao)壓輸變(bian)電(dian)線路為載體(ti)的(de)新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)供給消(xiao)納(na)體(ti)系。要把促進新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)和(he)清潔能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)展放(fang)在更加突出(chu)的(de)位置,積極(ji)(ji)有序發(fa)展光能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)、硅能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)、氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)、可(ke)再生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)。要加快發(fa)展有規模有效(xiao)益的(de)風(feng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、生(sheng)物(wu)質(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、地(di)熱能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、海洋能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)等新能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan),統籌(chou)水(shui)電(dian)開(kai)發(fa)和(he)生(sheng)態保護,積極(ji)(ji)安(an)全有序發(fa)展核電(dian)。
全文如下(xia):
習(xi)近平在(zai)主持學習(xi)時發(fa)表了(le)重(zhong)要(yao)講話。他指出,黨的(de)(de)(de)十八大以來,黨中央貫(guan)徹(che)新發(fa)展(zhan)理念(nian),堅定不(bu)移走生(sheng)態(tai)優先、綠色(se)低碳(tan)(tan)發(fa)展(zhan)道路,著力推(tui)(tui)動經(jing)濟(ji)社(she)會發(fa)展(zhan)全面綠色(se)轉(zhuan)型,取得了(le)顯著成效。我(wo)們建(jian)(jian)立健全綠色(se)低碳(tan)(tan)循環(huan)發(fa)展(zhan)經(jing)濟(ji)體系(xi),持續(xu)推(tui)(tui)動產業(ye)結(jie)構和(he)(he)能源(yuan)結(jie)構調整,啟(qi)動全國(guo)(guo)碳(tan)(tan)市(shi)場交易,宣(xuan)布不(bu)再新建(jian)(jian)境外煤電(dian)項目(mu),加(jia)快構建(jian)(jian)“雙碳(tan)(tan)”政策體系(xi),積極(ji)參與氣(qi)候變化國(guo)(guo)際談判,展(zhan)現了(le)負責任大國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)擔當。實現“雙碳(tan)(tan)”目(mu)標,不(bu)是別人讓我(wo)們做(zuo),而是我(wo)們自(zi)己必須要(yao)做(zuo)。我(wo)國(guo)(guo)已進入新發(fa)展(zhan)階段,推(tui)(tui)進“雙碳(tan)(tan)”工(gong)作(zuo)是破解資(zi)源(yuan)環(huan)境約束突出問題、實現可持續(xu)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)迫切(qie)(qie)(qie)需(xu)(xu)要(yao),是順應技術進步趨勢、推(tui)(tui)動經(jing)濟(ji)結(jie)構轉(zhuan)型升級的(de)(de)(de)迫切(qie)(qie)(qie)需(xu)(xu)要(yao),是滿足人民(min)群眾日益增(zeng)長的(de)(de)(de)優美生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境需(xu)(xu)求、促進人與自(zi)然和(he)(he)諧(xie)共生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)迫切(qie)(qie)(qie)需(xu)(xu)要(yao),是主動擔當大國(guo)(guo)責任、推(tui)(tui)動構建(jian)(jian)人類命運共同體的(de)(de)(de)迫切(qie)(qie)(qie)需(xu)(xu)要(yao)。我(wo)們必須充分認(ren)識實現“雙碳(tan)(tan)”目(mu)標的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)性,增(zeng)強推(tui)(tui)進“雙碳(tan)(tan)”工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)心。
習近平強調,實現“雙(shuang)碳(tan)”目標是一場(chang)廣(guang)泛而深刻的變(bian)革,不是輕輕松(song)松(song)就能實現的。我們要提高戰略思維能力,把(ba)系統(tong)觀念貫穿“雙(shuang)碳(tan)”工作全過程,注重處理好4對關系:
一是(shi)發展和減排(pai)的關系。減排(pai)不(bu)是(shi)減生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)力,也不(bu)是(shi)不(bu)排(pai)放,而(er)是(shi)要(yao)走生(sheng)態(tai)優先、綠(lv)色低碳發展道路,在經濟發展中促進(jin)綠(lv)色轉型、在綠(lv)色轉型中實現更大(da)發展。要(yao)堅持統籌謀劃,在降(jiang)碳的同時確保能源安(an)(an)全、產(chan)(chan)業鏈供應鏈安(an)(an)全、糧食(shi)安(an)(an)全,確保群眾正(zheng)常(chang)生(sheng)活。
二(er)是整(zheng)體(ti)和局部的(de)關系(xi)。既要(yao)增強(qiang)全(quan)國一(yi)盤棋意識(shi),加(jia)強(qiang)政策措施的(de)銜(xian)接(jie)協調,確(que)保形(xing)成合力(li);又要(yao)充分考慮區(qu)域資源(yuan)分布和產業分工的(de)客(ke)觀現實,研(yan)究確(que)定各地(di)產業結構調整(zheng)方(fang)向和“雙碳”行動(dong)方(fang)案,不(bu)搞齊步走、“一(yi)刀切(qie)”。
三(san)是長遠(yuan)目標和短期目標的關系。既要(yao)立(li)足當下,一步一個腳(jiao)印解決具體(ti)問題,積小勝(sheng)為(wei)(wei)大(da)勝(sheng);又要(yao)放(fang)眼長遠(yuan),克服急(ji)功近利、急(ji)于求成的思(si)想(xiang),把握(wo)好(hao)降碳(tan)的節(jie)奏和力(li)度,實(shi)事(shi)求是、循序漸進(jin)、持續發(fa)力(li)。四(si)是政(zheng)府和市場(chang)的關系。要(yao)堅(jian)持兩手發(fa)力(li),推動有(you)為(wei)(wei)政(zheng)府和有(you)效市場(chang)更(geng)好(hao)結合,建立(li)健全(quan)“雙碳(tan)”工作激勵約束機制。
習(xi)近平指出(chu),推進(jin)“雙碳”工作,必須堅(jian)持全(quan)國統(tong)籌、節約優(you)(you)先、雙輪(lun)驅動(dong)、內外(wai)暢通、防范風險的原(yuan)則,更好發(fa)揮(hui)我國制度優(you)(you)勢、資源條件、技術(shu)潛力、市場活(huo)力,加快形成(cheng)節約資源和保護環境的產(chan)業(ye)結構、生(sheng)產(chan)方式(shi)(shi)、生(sheng)活(huo)方式(shi)(shi)、空間格局(ju)。第一(yi),加強統(tong)籌協調。要(yao)把(ba)“雙碳”工作納入(ru)生(sheng)態文(wen)明建(jian)設(she)整體布局(ju)和經濟社會發(fa)展全(quan)局(ju),堅(jian)持降碳、減污、擴綠、增長協同推進(jin),加快制定出(chu)臺(tai)相關規(gui)劃(hua)、實施(shi)(shi)方案和保障(zhang)措施(shi)(shi),組織實施(shi)(shi)好“碳達峰(feng)十大行動(dong)”,加強政策銜接。各地區(qu)各部門要(yao)有全(quan)局(ju)觀念,科學把(ba)握(wo)碳達峰(feng)節奏(zou),明確(que)責任主體、工作任務、完(wan)成(cheng)時間,穩妥有序推進(jin)。
第二(er),推(tui)動(dong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)革(ge)命。要(yao)(yao)(yao)立(li)足我國能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)稟賦,堅持(chi)先(xian)立(li)后破、通盤謀(mou)劃,傳統(tong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)逐步(bu)退出必須建(jian)立(li)在(zai)新(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)安全可靠的(de)(de)替(ti)代(dai)基(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)加大力度規劃建(jian)設以大型風光電基(ji)地為(wei)基(ji)礎(chu)、以其(qi)周邊清潔高效先(xian)進(jin)(jin)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)煤(mei)電為(wei)支撐、以穩定安全可靠的(de)(de)特(te)高壓(ya)輸變電線路為(wei)載體(ti)的(de)(de)新(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)給消(xiao)納體(ti)系。要(yao)(yao)(yao)堅決(jue)控制(zhi)化石(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)費(fei),尤其(qi)是嚴格合理控制(zhi)煤(mei)炭(tan)(tan)消(xiao)費(fei)增(zeng)長,有序(xu)(xu)減(jian)量替(ti)代(dai),大力推(tui)動(dong)煤(mei)電節能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)降碳改(gai)造(zao)、靈活性改(gai)造(zao)、供(gong)熱(re)改(gai)造(zao)“三改(gai)聯動(dong)”。要(yao)(yao)(yao)夯實國內能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)產基(ji)礎(chu),保障煤(mei)炭(tan)(tan)供(gong)應安全,保持(chi)原(yuan)油、天然(ran)氣產能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)穩定增(zeng)長,加強(qiang)煤(mei)氣油儲備能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力建(jian)設,推(tui)進(jin)(jin)先(xian)進(jin)(jin)儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)技術規模(mo)化應用。要(yao)(yao)(yao)把促進(jin)(jin)新(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)清潔能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)展(zhan)放在(zai)更加突出的(de)(de)位置,積(ji)(ji)極(ji)有序(xu)(xu)發(fa)展(zhan)光能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、硅能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、可再(zai)生(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)推(tui)動(dong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)技術與現代(dai)信息(xi)、新(xin)(xin)(xin)材料(liao)和(he)先(xian)進(jin)(jin)制(zhi)造(zao)技術深度融合,探索能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)產和(he)消(xiao)費(fei)新(xin)(xin)(xin)模(mo)式(shi)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)加快發(fa)展(zhan)有規模(mo)有效益的(de)(de)風能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、太陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、生(sheng)物質能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、地熱(re)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、海洋(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)等新(xin)(xin)(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),統(tong)籌(chou)水電開發(fa)和(he)生(sheng)態保護(hu),積(ji)(ji)極(ji)安全有序(xu)(xu)發(fa)展(zhan)核電。
第三,推(tui)(tui)進產(chan)業(ye)(ye)優化(hua)升(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji)。要(yao)緊(jin)緊(jin)抓(zhua)住新一輪科(ke)技革命和產(chan)業(ye)(ye)變革的機(ji)遇,推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)互聯網、大數(shu)據、人工(gong)智能(neng)、第五代移(yi)動(dong)(dong)通信(5G)等新興(xing)技術與綠(lv)色(se)(se)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)深度融合,建(jian)設(she)綠(lv)色(se)(se)制造體系和服務(wu)體系,提(ti)高綠(lv)色(se)(se)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)在經濟(ji)總量中的比重(zhong)。要(yao)嚴把新上項目的碳(tan)(tan)(tan)排(pai)放關,堅決遏制高耗能(neng)、高排(pai)放、低(di)水(shui)平項目盲(mang)目發展(zhan)。要(yao)下大氣力(li)推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)鋼鐵、有色(se)(se)、石(shi)化(hua)、化(hua)工(gong)、建(jian)材(cai)等傳統(tong)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)優化(hua)升(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)(ji),加(jia)快工(gong)業(ye)(ye)領(ling)域低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)工(gong)藝革新和數(shu)字(zi)化(hua)轉型。要(yao)加(jia)大垃圾(ji)資源化(hua)利用力(li)度,大力(li)發展(zhan)循環(huan)經濟(ji),減少能(neng)源資源浪費。要(yao)統(tong)籌推(tui)(tui)進低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)交通體系建(jian)設(she),提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)城鄉建(jian)設(she)綠(lv)色(se)(se)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)發展(zhan)質量。要(yao)推(tui)(tui)進山水(shui)林田湖草沙一體化(hua)保(bao)護和系統(tong)治理,鞏(gong)固和提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)態系統(tong)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)匯能(neng)力(li)。要(yao)倡導簡約適度、綠(lv)色(se)(se)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)、文(wen)明(ming)健康的生(sheng)活方式,引導綠(lv)色(se)(se)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)消費,鼓勵綠(lv)色(se)(se)出行,開展(zhan)綠(lv)色(se)(se)低(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)社會行動(dong)(dong)示范(fan)創(chuang)建(jian),增強全民節約意識、生(sheng)態環(huan)保(bao)意識。
第四,加(jia)(jia)快綠色低碳(tan)科技(ji)(ji)革命。要狠抓(zhua)綠色低碳(tan)技(ji)(ji)術攻關,加(jia)(jia)快先進適用(yong)技(ji)(ji)術研發和推廣應用(yong)。要建立完善綠色低碳(tan)技(ji)(ji)術評(ping)估、交易體系,加(jia)(jia)快創新(xin)成果轉化(hua)。要創新(xin)人才培養模式,鼓勵(li)高等學(xue)校加(jia)(jia)快相關學(xue)科建設。
第五,完(wan)善綠(lv)色低碳(tan)政策(ce)體系。要進一(yi)步(bu)完(wan)善能(neng)(neng)耗“雙控”制(zhi)度,新(xin)增(zeng)可再生能(neng)(neng)源和原料用(yong)能(neng)(neng)不納入能(neng)(neng)源消費總量(liang)控制(zhi)。要健全“雙碳(tan)”標(biao)準,構建統一(yi)規范(fan)的碳(tan)排放(fang)(fang)統計(ji)核算(suan)體系,推動(dong)能(neng)(neng)源“雙控”向碳(tan)排放(fang)(fang)總量(liang)和強(qiang)度“雙控”轉變。要健全法律法規,完(wan)善財稅、價格、投資、金融政策(ce)。要充分(fen)發(fa)揮市(shi)場機制(zhi)作用(yong),完(wan)善碳(tan)定價機制(zhi),加強(qiang)碳(tan)排放(fang)(fang)權(quan)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易、用(yong)能(neng)(neng)權(quan)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易、電力交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)易銜接協調(diao)。
第六,積(ji)極參與和引領全(quan)球氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)治理。要秉持人(ren)類命運共(gong)同體(ti)理念(nian),以更(geng)加積(ji)極姿(zi)態參與全(quan)球氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)談判議程(cheng)和國(guo)際規則制定,推(tui)動構建公(gong)平(ping)合理、合作共(gong)贏的(de)全(quan)球氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)治理體(ti)系。
習(xi)近(jin)平(ping)強調,要加(jia)強黨對“雙(shuang)碳(tan)”工(gong)作(zuo)的領導,加(jia)強統籌(chou)協調,嚴格監督考核,推(tui)動(dong)形(xing)成(cheng)工(gong)作(zuo)合力(li)。要實行黨政同責(ze),壓實各方責(ze)任,將(jiang)“雙(shuang)碳(tan)”工(gong)作(zuo)相(xiang)關指(zhi)標納入(ru)各地(di)區經濟社(she)會發展綜合評價(jia)體系,增加(jia)考核權重(zhong),加(jia)強指(zhi)標約(yue)束(shu)。各級領導干(gan)部要加(jia)強對“雙(shuang)碳(tan)”基礎知識、實現路徑和工(gong)作(zuo)要求的學習(xi),做到真(zhen)學、真(zhen)懂、真(zhen)會、真(zhen)用。要把“雙(shuang)碳(tan)”工(gong)作(zuo)作(zuo)為干(gan)部教育培訓體系重(zhong)要內容(rong),增強各級領導干(gan)部推(tui)動(dong)綠色低碳(tan)發展的本(ben)領。